Archives for Options Pricing

Forward lessons: Derivative pricing: How to calculate the value of a forward contract in Excel

How to calculate the value of a forward contract in Excel Value of a long forward contract (continuous)

The value of a long forward contract with no known income and where the risk free rate is compounded on a continuous basis is given by the following equation:

f = S0 – Ke-rT

Where

S0 is the spot price

T is the remaining time to maturity

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Forward Rate Calculations: Forward Rate Agreements and Forward Foreign Exchange Rates

How to calculate the values of Forward Rate Agreements (FRA)

We are valuing an FRA for someone who is receiving fixed interest rate payments and who is paying floating interest rate payments.

Value of an FRA (zero coupon rate calculated on a discrete basis)

Where, L is the principal amount

RK is the fixed interest rate

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More Forward Rates Lessons: How to calculate Forward Rates – Calculations walk through

How to determine Spot Rates and Forward Rates & Yield to Maturity How to determine Forward Rates from Spot Rates

The relationship between spot and forward rates is given by the following equation:

ft-1, 1=(1+st)t ÷ (1+st-1)t-1 -1

Where

st is the t-period spot rate

ft-1,t is the forward rate applicable for the period (t-1,t)

If the 1-year…

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Computational Finance: Basics: Calculating forward prices in Excel – Part I

 

How to calculate the forward price of a security in Excel Forward Price of a security with no income

Forward Price of a security with no income is given by the formula S0ert.

For example if S0 , the spot price, of the asset is 100. The time to delivery in the forward contract is 6 months (or 0.5 years) and the annual risk free rate is…

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Option Pricing – Black Scholes – Probabilities Explained: Understanding N(d1) vs N(d2)

Lars Tyge Nielsen provides an interpretation of N(d1) and N(d2) and an explanation behind the difference between them. He does this by considering the value of an European call option on a stock which pays no dividends prior to the expiry date of the option as given by the following formula:

C= SN(d1) – Xe-rtN(d2)

Where C is value of the European call option

S is the current value of the stock…

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Derivatives Posts Index

Derivatives Monte Carlo Simulation: Convergence and Variance reduction techniques for option pricing models Forwards and Swaps: Interest Rates Models: Bootstrapping the Zero curve and Implied Forward curve Options, Forwards, Futures: Pricing Interest Rate Swaps Options and Futures Training: Basic Options Trading Strategies Derivatives Training: Options Pricing and… Premium Courses Basel III – Liquidity Framework$41.49REBOOT$6.99Valuing Options – Black Scholes Example$12.99Relative Gold Price model$139.00

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Options Pricing Training: Interest Rate Options: Pricing Caps and Floors

Interest Rate Options Caps and Floors

Here is the second course on Advance Interest Rate Products. The perquisite for this course is the first course on pricing interest rate swaps.

Interest Rate Swaps (IRS) – Pricing Interest Rate Swaps – The valuation course

The second more advance course builds on the foundation laid in the introductory course…

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Options Pricing Training: Binomial Trees

Binomial Trees

This course focuses on an alternative method of implementing a two-dimensional binomial tree compared to the traditional method of building a binomial tree presented in most option pricing text books. The alternate approach is based on the techniques documented by Professor Mark Broadie at Columbia Business School as part of his coursework in Security Pricing and Computational Finance courses at Columbia University and allows us to extend a…

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Options pricing using Binomial trees – Building an efficient option pricing spreadsheet in Excel

This course focuses on an alternative method of implementing a two-dimensional binomial tree compared to the traditional method of building a binomial tree in excel presented in most option pricing text books.   The alternate approach is based on the techniques documented by Professor Mark Broadie at Columbia Business School as part of his coursework in Security Pricing and Computational Finance courses at Columbia University and allows us to extend…

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Options Pricing – Binomial Trees – Pricing Sudden death Options – Down and in call options

Pricing Down-and-in call options

This is a knock in barrier option. The option comes into existent only after the underlying’s price crosses a certain barrier price, H. The barrier lies below the underlying’s price at inception, hence the “down” in the title above.

Unlike the previous options discussed we cannot simply work backwards down the tree from terminal nodes to inception. This is because the value at any particular node depends on how…

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